The MLA’s method for citing sources uses a template of core elements—standardized criteria that writers can use to evaluate sources and create works-cited-list entries based on that evaluation. That new technologies like ChatGPT emerge is a key reason why the MLA has adopted this approach to citation—to give writers flexibility to apply the style when they encounter new types of sources. In what follows, we offer recommendations for citing generative AI, defined as a tool that “can analyze or summarize content from a huge set of information, including web pages, books and other writing available on the internet,and use that data to create original new content”(Weed).
You should
See below for specific examples. And keep in mind: the MLA template of core elements is meant to provide flexibility in citation. So if you find a rationale to modify these recommendations in your own citations, we encourage you to do so. We’ve opened this post up for commenting, so let us know what you think and how you’re using and citing generative AI tools!
Using the MLA Template
Author
We do not recommend treating the AI tool as an author. This recommendation follows the policies developed by various publishers, including the MLA’s journal PMLA.
Title of Source
Describe what was generated by the AI tool. This may involve including information about the prompt in the Title of Source element if you have not done so in the text.
Title of Container
Use the Title of Container element to name the AI tool (e.g., ChatGPT).
Version
Name the version of the AI tool as specifically as possible. For example, the examples in this post were developed using ChatGPT 3.5, which assigns a specific date to the version, so the Version element shows this version date.
Publisher
Name the company that made the tool.
Date
Give the date the content was generated.
Location
Give the general URL for the tool.1
For more information and examples: MLA Style Center - How do I cite generative AI?
Guidance on Use of AI Tools and Library Licensed Resources
Content from the electronic resources licensed by the Kresge Library, U-M University Library and other library entities on campus are governed by terms of use set out in individual vendor agreements which provide limitations on their use. In general, the terms of use governing licensed content do not make allowances for sharing content with third parties. Uploading content into an AI service or platform could be considered a violation of these terms of service.
Following guidance from the University Library, the Kresge Library suggests that you use University supported AI tools, such as U-M GPT, U-M Maizey, or other University AI services, when working with library licensed materials in order to reduce your risk of violating licensing terms of service.
If you have a need for larger scale AI analysis using licensed Library resources, we encourage you to reach out to us at kresge_library@umich.edu to discuss your research needs and ensure compliance with existing licensing agreements.
Business Resource Citation Guides
Harvard Business School Citation Guide
Citing Business Databases in APA Style
Style Citation Guides
U-M Library Citation Help Research Guide
Kresge Library does not have direct export databases for Market or Analyst Reports. However, you can manually create a record using the following key fields:
